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| Freedom's Journal ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Freedom's Journal
''Freedom's Journal'' was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States.〔 Founded by Rev. Peter Williams, Jr. and other free black men in New York City, it was published weekly starting with the 16 March 1827 issue. ''Freedom's Journal'' was superseded in 1829 by ''The Rights of All'', published between 1829 and 1830 by Samuel Cornish, the former senior editor of the ''Journal''.
==Background==
The newspaper was founded by Peter Williams, Jr. and other leading free blacks in New York City. The founders intended to appeal to the 300,000 free blacks in the North of the United States, most freed after the American Revolutionary War by state abolition laws.〔 Manumissions in the South after the war increased the proportion of free blacks from less than 1% to nearly 10% of the black population in the Upper South. In New York State, a gradual emancipation law was passed in 1799, granting freedom to children born to slaves. Its "gradual" provisions meant that the last slaves were not freed until 1827, the year the paper was founded.
By this time, the United States and Great Britain had banned the African slave trade in 1808. But, slavery was expanding rapidly in the Deep South with the development of new cotton plantations there; a massive forced migration had been under way as a result of the domestic slave trade, as slaves were sold and taken overland or by sea from the Upper South to the new territories.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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